MHRA referencing in a nutshell

• in your text
  MHRA citations point to footnotes and are numbered sequentially.¹ Works can also be cited as Silvia,² or you can cite Barrett as your source.³ Footnote numbers cannot be used again for repeat citations, so either explain in a footnote that you will using parentheses instead (Hickey, p. 62), or use short footnote references.⁵
• at the bottom of your page
  Provide footnotes for all the works cited on the page, with full references, in author-title format (forenames first) and numbered as in your text:
  ¹ Michael A. Hickey, Get Real: Reality and Mystery (Lanham: University Press of America, 2011), p. 177, hereafter Hickey. Subsequent references are given in parentheses in the main text.
  ² Paul J. Silvia, ‘Interest: The Curious Emotion’, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17.1 (2008), pp. 57-60 (p. 57).
  ³ Stephen Barrett, ‘Ten Ways to Avoid Being Quacked’, Quackwatch, 2 April 1997 [accessed 1 August 2026].
  ⁴ Tamao Nakahara, ‘Making Up Monsters: Set and Costume Design in Horror Films’, in Horror Zone: The Cultural Experience of Contemporary Horror Cinema, ed. by Ian Conrich (I.B. Tauris, 2010), pp. 139-52 (p. 139).
  ⁵ Hickey, p. 62.
• at the end of your document
  If required, provide a bibliography listing all the sources in your footnote references in A-Z order (surnames first):
  Barrett, Stephen, ‘Ten Ways to Avoid Being Quacked’, Quackwatch, 2 April 1997 [accessed 1 August 2026]
  Hickey, Michael A., Get Real: Reality and Mystery (Lanham: University Press of America, 2011)
  Nakahara, Tamao, ‘Making Up Monsters: Set and Costume Design in Horror Films’, in Horror Zone: The Cultural Experience of Contemporary Horror Cinema, ed. by Ian Conrich (I.B. Tauris, 2010), pp. 139-52
  Silvia, Paul J., ‘Interest: The Curious Emotion’, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17.1 (2008), pp. 57-60
  The examples above are for a web page, a book, a chapter in a book, and a journal article.